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Salamander Ceramic Infrared Emitters Technical Manual Page 18

En Español

Water Evaporation:

Given: Estimate the amount of infrared radiation required to evaporate 4 grams of water per square foot every 5 seconds from a substrate material in a water based adhesive application. Assume the substrate to have a negligible mass.

Calculations:

Emissivity of the infrared source = .90
Emissivity of Water = .93
Specific Heat of Water = 1.0 BTU / lb. / °F
Latent Heat of Vaporization = 965 Btu / lb.
Boiling Point of Water = 212 °F (100 °C)
Ambient Temperature = 65 °F (18 °C)

Convert the grams of water per square foot to lbs. of water per square inch:
(4 g/ft2)(.0022046 lb./g)( 1/144 ft2/in2) = 61.24 x 10-6 lbs./in2

The power required to heat the water is given by:

   Watt-Hour            (Weight)(Specific Heat)( T1 - T2 )
_______________   =    __________________________________________
          in2                                        3.412

                               (61.24 x 10-6)(1.0)(212 - 65)
                               =    ______________________________________    =  2.64 x 10-3
                                                 3.412

                                                 (965 Btu/lb.)(61.24 x 10-6 lbs./in2)
Latent Heat of Vaporization  =  ______________________________________
                                                                    3.412

                                            = 17.32 x 10-3

Total Power Required  =  (2.64 x 10-3) + (17.32 x 10-3)

                                                               Watt-Hour
                                    = 22.60 x 10-3      _____________
                                                                       in2

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